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Early to mid C18th nine over nine Georgian sash window with flush casements and woodern external shutters Micklegate York

Sash Window : A sash is a wooden frame (or any other material ) used to house glass for a window. A sash window is a double hung frame with the frame sliding up and down on a series of pulleys. Can be opened at top or bottom. Came into fashion in England in the Georgian Period.

Here is a potted history of the sash window by a sash window manufacturer

You can view all of my sash window photo's here

All things Georgian

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The Apse of the Romanesque Kilpeck Church, Herefordshire UK

ROMANESQUE: Specific style predominantly relating to architecture as expounded by Thomas Rickman after discovering that there was a common pattern which had developed over time in Ecclesiastical architecture.

Romanesque is normally apportioned to architecture of the C11th and C12th centuries in Europe which has a strong stylistic influence from ancient Roman architecture. In England it is more commonly referred to as Norman.

This influence is typified by round arches and strong bold columns and piers. Romanesque is also characterised by its decoration which can consist of

• Diaper Work
• Chevron Pattern

• Grotesque ornamentation with influence from the Bestiary

Part of the lively sculpture at Kilpeck Church Herefordshire UK

There are some excellent examples of Romanesque architecture in the UK including Durham Cathedral, Kilpeck and Adel.

Here are all my Romanesque images

Here are images of Kilpeck Church (50% of sales of these images go to the Church)

Useful Links

Corpus of Romanesque Sculpture in Britain

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Kings Chapel, Cambridge, UK

Pinnacle - mostly found in Gothic architecture where a buttress or parapet is terminated with a turret like form, often decorated with crockets etc. The main function of the pinnacle on a buttress is to provide mass for downward thrust. Here is an image of a new pinnacle prior to installation:-

More images of pinnacles by Andy Marshall

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OGEE - Curvilinear form of arch or moulding or dome, made of a profile with a convex and concave section; as in this richly crocketed ogee head of the C14th south doorway to the Chancel of Saint Martin West Stockwell Street Colchester Essex

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NAVE - The main central area or bay to a church (or Roman Basilica). Normally used in the liturgy for the congregation. The above example is at Kilpeck, Romanesque church in Herefordshire UK.

More images of Kilpeck

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Lych Gate - found at the entrance to many Churches - the Lych Gate had a traditional role as a dry place to hold the coffin whilst waiting for the Vicar to arrive.

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Decorated and ornate kneelers in Prinsengracht canal Amsterdam Holland

KNEELER - Stone or brick projection and end cap to a gable with copings. Often decorated. Its practical use is to provide a stop end for the copings to the gable. In England the kneeler often projects over the eaves line (as in the pic below) and is a common feature in northern areas. Also known as a skewputt in Scotland.

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JETTY - In a timber framed building a jetty is the projection of the timber joists of the floor above over the room below to the exterior.

Medieval Lavenham Archi-Map (timber framed buildings).

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Gargoyle - sometimes also known as a Grotesque, a gargoyle is primarily used in the Gothic style in ecclesiastical architecture. Often representing the full gamut of human, animalistic, or mythical characters at the artists disposal. Designed to provide decorative 'full stops' to features such as hoppers or water spouts, they often had either a didactic or symbolic role in warding off evil spirits. Contrary to popular belief, Gargoyles are still being made today in modern forms, as below at Chichester Cathedral:

Go here to see all of my images of Gargoyles..

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CLOSE STUDDING - Term used in Timber framed buildings for the close positioning of upright timbers (or studs) within the structural frame of the house. Completely unnecessary in functional terms, close studding was a sign of prosperity and wealth. Possibly originated in East Anglia.

View more images of close studding

BEHIND THE PHOTO.....

Not the best of photo's, but it was whilst I was up on the Manchester Wheel that I made a promise to myself to try and produce some kind of map of urban Manchester's (UK) key architectural buildings. I had no idea at the time how this would formulate - but recently a wonderful website called wayfaring.com has been established. This has enabled me to start producing the kind of map that I originally envisaged which gives access to images of each building and also the option to view the google satellite map. I have only just started but here it is:

Andy Marshall's Architectural Guide to Manchester (incomplete)

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Baluster: a column, often in classical style, supporting the hand rail to stairs or, in the case of the photograph above, to the eaves of Andreas Palladios Basilica in the Piazza Vicenza Italy. A series of such columns is known as a Balustrade

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ANTE-FIXAE

Detail used largely in classical architecture (especially Greek Classical) to provide a termination or end cap to a ridge. Normally decorated with an Anthemion or Palmette relief